Decision Making Essay

The decision making approach that will be employed by the organization is based on a model where all members of the organization will be involved. A decision is made when the organization is faced with some problems in its operations or when the organization plans to redraw its operation so as to plan for the future. The top management, after realizing the need for change on the specified areas that may either be controversial or whose effect is organization wide, instigates a research that will involve all the members of the organization including the investors. The research must be through in that it should analyze the internal operational environment, the industry conditions, market trends and predicts any change in the environment. Moreover, the research must accurately determine the compatibility of the range of opinions and thus solution to the organizational culture and their profitability or effects on the organization productivity. The findings must be presented before the board of management who will ascertain the viability of the solutions and choose the one that best address the needs of the organization and is sustainable with respect to its resources. The board will at all time be constituted of all stakeholders in the organization including departmental representatives, departmental heads, top managers, trade union representatives and investors each of whom have equal right of expressing their points of view. The top management is charged wit the responsibility of evaluating the recommendations made by the research team and ensuring that the whole organization implements the decisions passed. The organization understands that in any community where the members are actively involved in any form of economic or social undertaking that involves their interaction and varied output, problems must always be present. The organization adopts the Osborne-Parnes problem solving methodology that is based on creativity. The first stage in the solution of a problem is the determination of the goals and challenges that the organization works for. After which the management is charged with the responsibility of instructing the research teams to find all data, facts and emotional responses involved. The data and findings will help in bringing out the problems that will affect the achievement of the goals. In clarification of the problem the two main concerns are the needs that should be addressed and the problems that should be focused on. The decision in this phase is based on the perceived impact of the problems as per the research findings. The next stage is the generation of ideas which involves all stakeholders in the organization. The research department and teams are responsible for the implementation of the idea generation process. The main concern at this stage is finding out all the solutions to the problems without any consideration of their effectiveness. The main methodology in the generation of ideas is brainstorming which is implemented in groups. The next stage is implemented by the board of management with the help of the research teams. The main concern at this stage is finding out how the solutions can be made better. Pareto analysis is used in determination of the best method though the implementation of a cause effect analysis will also aid in determining a range of good solutions to the problems. The last phase is a decision making process as the whole organization takes step that are aimed at implementation of the solutions. The decision making model is adopted in this last phase. ii. Behavior The organization appreciates the effects of behavior on the operations and other aspects such as investor confidence and the respect the organization will receive from all in the organization. The employees and all stakeholders will at all time endeavors to uphold a code of conduct that is respectful of their colleagues and all that they may relate to in the course of their activities. The main methodology that will be used in the assessment of the organization employees’ behavior is based on Osborne-Parnes approach. The methodology involves the creation of a code of behavior that all employees are expected to follow. Research is then undertaken to establish the organization behavior with the aim of establishing its relationship and association to the code of behavior. Conformance and other areas of divergence are accurately determined and their exact nature established. The causes of the divergence must be determined through wide research and the results presented to either the top management or to the department heads depending on the level of the investigation and who instigated it. The impact of the diversion on the end consumer of the services and product is determined and the impact on the organization’s operation and thus productivity noted. The problem solving mechanism is then applied to solve the area of divergence and any anomalies in the code of behavior corrected.

Impartiality is the only satisfactory response by a state in the Essay

Impartiality is the only satisfactory response by a state in the modern world to asylum seekers who approach its borders - Essay Example The right to be treated with respect is equal to all people irrespective of their skin color, race, religion, or culture. Such human rights are being incorporated into the legal systems of many democratic countries. This, however, has not come spontaneously, but through protests, campaigns and pressure from support groups and organizations. The problems associated with asylum seekers and their handling in liberal democratic countries has become an international problem1. Whereas such campaigns and major steps are being made towards the recognition, respect and support of these human rights, some countries regularly abuse these rights. Such cases are reported in countries without legislation that can protect these rights. In a few instances where the legislation exists, it has proven difficult for these nations to implement. People are progressively becoming more aware of their rights. The importance of these rights is being recognized, and there have been major changes in the legal s tructure of many democratic countries to accommodate the human rights acts. It is, however, worth to note that, more needs to be done to ensure human beings enjoys their life to the fullest. There has been an increasing concern over how refugees and asylum seekers from underdeveloped countries are treated in the developed countries where they seek asylum. This concern has been greatly on Australia, which admits refugees as well as asylum seekers from all lifestyles. The country welcomes and accepts refugees and asylum seekers running away from their countries to avoid persecution. According to Matthew Gibney’s â€Å"The Ethics and Politics of Asylum,† there are an estimated twenty million refugees in the world. If the nations where these people seek asylum cannot accommodate them, they have a tough luck. Many people are seeking to enter the developed countries as asylum seekers. Some of the people who seek asylum in developed countries are illegal immigrants taking adv antage of the policies and legislations that allow asylum seekers to immigrate freely to other countries. It has become evident that various countries are putting restrictive policies on immigration to prevent illegal immigrants from developing and underdeveloped countries from entering their countries. Democratic governments have had difficulties in differentiating asylum seekers from economic immigrants into their countries2. The number of human refugees is increasing by the day and the lack of will from the community to accommodate them has brought enormous suffering to them. Asylum has become one fundamental issue in the politics of democratic countries. In 1993, the German parliament amended the basic law in an effort to curb the entry of asylum seekers into the country’s territory. The move by the parliament was aimed at slowing down the entrance of asylum seekers into the nation. In 1994, the Clinton administration in the United States, conducted a military interventio n in Haiti Island, in a bid to re-establish a regime that did not produce refugees and asylum seekers. This was after much criticism on the U.S policy that allowed veto of refugees and asylum seekers on boats going to Florida. When the Norwegian Freighter, the Tampa, attempted to land in Australia, the Australian government restricted it on the ground that it

Community Involvement Program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Community Involvement Program - Essay Example Community Academy Public Charter Schools (CAPCS) and Northwestern University have implemented community involvement programs as part of the learning process. CAPCS incorporates parent involvement in teaching young children at the elementary level. The Amos 3 campus at CAPCS provides early childhood programs that give children a firm academic career foundation (CAPCS, 1). The program focuses on basic concepts of math and reading as part of educational introduction. Social development, respect, good behavior, and passion for learning are promoted at the campus. Parents team up with teachers and administrator to assist the development process. CAPCS has been successful by concentrating on science and technology to emphasis hand-on problem solving skills. Children learn critical thinking and problem solving and acquire basic knowledge required in all academic fields. This has been instrumental in preparing children academically and socially before venturing into secondary school, which h as led to successful academicians from Amos 3 campus (CAPCS, 2). Northwestern university has several programs within their community involvement program that provides students with local and international opportunities. The Applied Medical Society provides events targeting students with interest in healthcare provision. Participants learn basic skills such as CPR in these events (NU, 1). Campus kitchens employ volunteer students who learn the process of recycling un-served food into nutritious meals for seniors, community organizations, and youth programs. Graduates and undergraduates also participate in exchange and capacity building programs with cohorts from over 50 universities in over 40 countries. These workshops provide mentorship and prepare students for career opportunities. Most activities are centered on students and there is little participation from parents. The program prepares students for career ventures and student organizations within the campus have been instrumental in the success of the community involvement program.

British Democracy and Iraq War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

British Democracy and Iraq War - Essay Example They also argued that there was need to liberate the Iraq people from the oppressive regime which was not democratic and was abusing the human rights of its citizens (Armstrong, Farrell, & Maiguashca, 2005). Democratic norms are in most cases not perceived to be relevant to the foreign and international policies of a country. However, in the consideration of the democracy framework of various governments a number of critical questions arise. The first one is about respect of the international law by a country, basing on the fact that such a government cannot easily acquire the democratic tribute in regard to the rule of law locally if it is capable of violating the rule of law in a foreign country. The international law is much vaguer compared to the domestic one, but majority of the international lawyers are in agreement that Iraq's invasion by both the United States of America and Britain was a blatant breach on the charter of the United Nations. The charter is very clear and stipulates that armed forces can only be used in a case of self defense or when the United Nations Security Council explicitly authorizes use of such force (Vickers, 2004). Tony Blair in attacking Iraq had complete disregard of the United Nation's charter in fact, his speech in 1999 whi... ve failed to implement them and hence country's like Britain and the United States of America, have to bear some burden like invading Iraq since they have a sense of world responsibility. In this case he was actually implying that his government had the right to invade a sovereign government like that of Iraq and thus participate in enforcing the resolutions of the United Nations. The British government was in this case very biased as it even chose the resolutions to enforce and which ones to leave out, which by any standards cannot be viewed as respecting international rule of law (Allawi, 2007). The British government argued that it was not important to wait the United Nations to pass resolutions that would explicitly authorize the use of force in Iraq as this could mean taking a back seat and watch as a humanitarian crisis takes center stage in Iraq as it happened in Kosovo. By basing their argument on the Kosovo humanitarian catastrophe the British government justified the removal by force of the Iraq's undemocratic regime, arguing that the Iraq government was actually violating human rights of its citizens (Beck, Grande, & Cronin, 2007). The second question evolves around Britain's consistency on its quest to support human rights and democracy in foreign countries. When the human rights and democracy are used as base of justifying morality of a government's policies then consistency is considered to be a vital factor. Such arguments when applied selectively loose meaning and the weight they ought to carry. Although, largely believed that the more powerful and democratic countries can support human rights and democracy on foreign countries, they cannot achieve their objectives by use of force, since that would in fact, mean violation of the same human rights

Fallacious Arguments and Psychological Tactics Essay

Fallacious Arguments and Psychological Tactics - Essay Example A quote used in the article is â€Å"The UK is now ahead of many of its international rivals when it comes to cutting employment and creating jobs† (Gye, 2013). However, obviously being ahead of one’s rivals in the international scene is not necessarily just due to lowered unemployment rates. Another hyperbole is the statement â€Å"This is unlike anything seen in this country since the Second World War† (Gye, 2013). However, it is impossible that there has not been any other good thing that happened in Britain from 1945 to 2014. The author also tries to euphemize the unemployment of the youth: â€Å"Youth unemployment has risen yet again, back towards the million mark [so Britain’s response is] an industrial back-to-work program to match the crisis we face† (Gye, 2013). Therefore, it seems so convenient to think that just because there is a proposed solution, then the problem is already solved. One of the psychological tactics employed by the author is mentioning that more and more young people are actually becoming unemployed. However, aside from the fact that the author makes a headcount of around 1,000,000 for the unemployed youth, his data on the 29.73 million who have jobs include those aged 16 to 64 (Gye, 2013). Thus, it is not clear where the 1,000,000 figure is coming from, as it couldn’t be that the same youth from the age of 16 and above who are among the 29.73 million employed are the same people who are among the 1,000,000 unemployed. Thus, there is not only something missing here but something amiss. Lastly, there is the fallacy of non sequitur for it does not follow that â€Å"the UK is now ahead of many of its international rivals†¦Ã¢â‚¬  merely because the illustrations indicate that â€Å"even though wages have been rising, in recent years prices have been rising at a faster rate† (Gye, 2013). Thus, there is actually nothing good about being employed if the salary is merely good enough to make

Innovation Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Innovation Business - Essay Example Energy: Global energy requirement is growing continuously notwithstanding the exhaustible nature of conventional sources like coal, oil and natural gas, or even in the face of growth of renewable sources like wind, solar, geothermal, tidal etc. This trend will get accentuated as mankind breaks the shackles of earthly existence, to routinely make interplanetary travel to colonize the outer space. In this scenario, conventional meaning of energy or its quantities will become obsolete. What could be the characteristics of such energy? The new form of energy may be something from within rather than without. For example, a person walks by the mere intention of walking, aided by muscular power. Can the intention or the mental power, which is limitless, be made more important than the limited muscular power? Mental power is inherent to living things and I forecast that we will discover something similar in non-living things as well, and follow it up by innovations to energize it in a limitl ess manner. Inner-city transport: Personal and public transport as we see today is unsustainable as a factor of growth. Millions of cars on the ever-expanding streets/highways, or rail-transport systems moving masses of humanity, cry for alternative solutions for people living in metropolitan cities like Los Angeles, New York, London, Tokyo and Shanghai. The expensive fuel that is being spent and the exhausting nature of travel just to get to somewhere is the rationale for innovative ideas for inner-city transport. I forecast that a system of point-to-point moving platforms will substantially reduce roads/vehicles in a way that will combine the convenience of private vehicles and sustainability of public transport. Water: Water in oceans and other saline waters make up for the bulk of global water constituting 97.5% while only 1% of all the water on earth is fit for use by humans, according to the US Geological Survey; of this 1%, groundwater is 99% balance being surface water in la kes and rivers (n.d. web, USGS). Thus potable water is one of the very scarce but vital resources of earth, seriously impacting millions of people. As pointed out by USGS, the earth is a practically closed system, neither losing nor gaining any matter including water (ibid.). This natural phenomenon makes me forecast innovative recycling of the entire quantity of water that we use, at individual household level rather than the present practice of wastewater treatment and discharge by municipalities. Q.2 Threat of substitution GE’s innovative diamonds from coal are substitutes for DeBeers natural diamonds who enjoyed virtual monopoly in diamond trade till now. This situation changes the industry competition to oligopoly. Pure oligopoly markets are characterized by a few players producing identical products while in differentiated oligopoly, product features, styling, service etc. differ. GE’s synthetic diamonds are more economical and as the CEO of DeBeers, I can only m eet this price challenge by significantly reducing/destroying the profitability of the industry. Further more, there is no guarantee that GE’s success is not repeated by another firm with equal technical and financial clout, although there are not likely to be too many competitors of GE’s stature. Hence, price is not the weapon of combat. In the normal course, a customer perceives value of his purchase in terms of

Nation Building Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Nation Building - Essay Example To begin with, it is imperative to define nationalism. A force that is capable of rendering a national character to any uprising or event, nationalism is a phenomenon that permeates into the very core of a citizen's life. This has been studied in context of the book by Charles Tilly titled European Revolutions (1993) The hypothesis of this paper is the study of similarities and differences between UK, France and Russia as far as the aspects of the journey from revolution to nationalism is concerned, as discussed and hypothesized by Charles Tilly. These similarities and differences will be studied on the basis of the following three aspects: The basic hypothesis as put forth by Tilly throughout the book is that Europe is still in the making. Here, it is imperative to understand democracy so as to understand the ends of this journey and the point of the hypothesis. Democracy has been best defined as "of the people, for the people, by the people." It is a phenomenon that arises out of the various contextual realities that people represent in various walks of life as well as the socio economic strata of individual countries. To qualify as a democracy, a country must fulfil the following criteria: According to Tilly, Nationalism as a feature on any country's historical or cultural climate rises to the fore as a result of threats. It is only when confronted with a threat, does a country - made up of its people and their collective sentiments - wake up and recognise their strengths. This has been seen in the case of colonial expansion as followed by France and UK. These countries, with UK garnering maximum areas around the world by 1921, based their foreign policy of nationalism around colonization. France, in particular was a competitor for UK with its policy of colonization. These in effect become the strength of the nation and nationalism is born. (Tilly, 1993; P 10) In this way, nationalism is defined, anew; every time there is suffering followed subsequently by an upheaval. As a result of this, nationalism or nation building can be called dynamic concept. This is owing to the fact that its elements change with the changing times and the reasons for upheavals. (Elias, 2000) 2 The only thing constant about nationalism is its power to bind people together as a nation and the fact that it rises to prominence only in the face of adversity. In modern times, nationalism has become a matter of celebrating everything that a nation takes pride in. This includes independence days, art, literature, music and various other symbols that are a part of the national character as a whole - elements that remind nations of its past victories and present strengths. (Almond et al, 2001)3 Essentials of Revolution Tilly maintains that a revolution is a social movement. He argues that a social movement is one that is punctuated with a highly idealistic environment with realistic parameters that set the stage for immediate results and emergence of future trends that will go onto dominate the structure and functioning of that particular society for generations to come. (Tilly, 1993; Pp 47 - 48) Issues like principles, revolutionary change and personal strength and a search for identity of a group